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目的：探讨突变型ｐ５３ 蛋白、增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ） 在结直肠癌细胞中的表达情况与临床病理及预后的关系。方法：用ＬＳＡＢ 免疫组化方法检测１７２ 例癌组织中的ｐ５３ 蛋白、ＰＣＮＡ 的表达情况，用Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ 回归分析ｐ５３ 表达的相关因素，Ｃｏｘ 模型分析ｐ５３ 、ＰＣＮＡ 表达对预后的的影响。结果：ｐ５３ 、ＰＣＮＡ 阳性率分别为４３－６ ％ （７５／１７２） 、９１－３ ％ （１５７／１７２） 。ｐ５３ 表达与临床病理因素无关，ｐ５３ 阳性预后比阴性差，ｐ５３ 阳性常伴有ＰＣＮＡ 过度表达，但ＰＣＮＡ 高表达，预后有好的趋势。结论：结直肠癌ｐ５３ 突变的癌细胞多呈高增殖状态，ｐ５３ 阳性、ＰＣＮＡ 中、低强度表达是预后差的生物学指标。ＰＣＮＡ 高表达，是癌细胞处于高增殖状态、对化疗敏感的标志，对该类病人给予辅助化疗可望提高根治术疗效。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between the expression of mutant p53 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in colorectal cancer cells and its relationship with clinical pathology and prognosis. Methods: The expression of p53 protein and PCNA in 172 cases of cancer tissues were detected by LSAB immunohistochemistry. The factors related to p53 expression were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. The effects of p53 and PCNA expression on the prognosis were analyzed by Cox model. Results: The positive rates of p53 and PCNA were 43-6 % (75/172) and 91-3 % (157/172), respectively. There was no relationship between p53 expression and clinicopathological factors. The positive prognosis of p53 was worse than negative. p53 positive was often accompanied by overexpression of PCNA, but PCNA was highly expressed and the prognosis was good. CONCLUSIONS: The p53-mutant cancer cells in colorectal cancer are highly proliferative, and p53-positive, medium-intensity PCNA, and low-intensity expression are biological indicators of poor prognosis. The high expression of PCNA is a hallmark of cancer cells in hyperproliferative state and sensitive to chemotherapy. The adjuvant chemotherapy given to these patients is expected to improve the curative effect of radical surgery.