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目的 分析武汉地区 33年来新生儿死因的时态变化。 方法 196 6年～ 1998年同济医科大学新生儿病理尸检 6 96例 ,基本按 10年划分为 3个时间段 (196 6年～ 1975年 ,1976年～ 1985年 ,1986年～ 1998年 )。每时间段内按死婴出生后生存时间划分为 <2 4h、～ 7d、～ 2 8d3个年龄组。取前 6位死因进行比较。 结果 前 6位死因是羊水吸入性肺炎、畸形、肺透明膜病、颅内出血、感染性肺炎及羊水吸入 ;3个不同时间段前 6位死因中早产儿分别占 2 2 .8%、31.9%和 36 .2 % ,足月儿分别占 5 0 .6 %、48.7%及 36 .8% ;近 13年来 ,肺透明膜病上升为新生儿的首要死因 ,颅内出血逐渐上升 ,感染性疾病明显减少。 结论 前 6位死因中早产儿比例逐渐上升 ,足月儿则逐渐下降 ,肺透明膜病的上升提示临床必须引起高度重视。
Objective To analyze the tense changes of neonatal death in 33 years in Wuhan. Methods Six hundred and sixty-six cases of neonatal pathological autopsy from 1986 to 1998 in Tongji Medical University were divided into three periods (196 6 ~ 1975, 1976 ~ 1985, 1986 ~ 1998) according to 10 years. Each time period according to the survival time of dead babies after birth is divided into <24h, ~ 7d, ~ 28d3 age groups. Take the first six death causes for comparison. Results The top 6 causes of death were amniotic fluid aspiration pneumonia, deformity, hyaline membrane disease, intracranial hemorrhage, infectious pneumonia and amniotic fluid inhalation. Among the 6 death causes in 3 different time periods, preterm infants accounted for 22.8% and 31.9% respectively, And 36.2% of full-term infants, respectively, accounting for 50.6%, 48.7% and 36.8% of full-term infants, respectively. In the past 13 years, hyaline membrane disease has risen to the leading cause of death in newborns. Intracranial hemorrhage gradually increased and infectious diseases became obvious cut back. Conclusion The proportion of premature infants in the first 6 death causes gradually increased while that of full-fledged children decreased gradually. The rise of hyaline membrane disease prompted the clinicians to attach great importance.