蒙特卡罗方法又称随机抽样技术或统计试验方法,是基于计算机模拟物理的思想,抓住物理过程的数量和几何特征,利用数值方法加以仿真,能够比较逼真地描述事物的特点及物理过程。该方法是求解辐射输运问题和粒子能量沉积的一种相当成熟、实用和有效的方法,所以在肿瘤放射物理学尤其是远距离放射治疗中的应用已越来越广泛。 Monte Carlo method, also known as random sampling techniques or statistical test methods, is based on the idea of ​​computer simulation of physics, seize the number of physical processes and geometric features, using numerical methods to be simulated, more realistic description of the characteristics and physical processes. The method is a mature, practical and effective method for solving the problem of radiation transport and particle energy deposition. Therefore, it has been widely used in tumor radiophysiology, especially in long-range radiation therapy.