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阿片类药物对于呼吸系统的影响是麻醉医学和药理学关注的重点之一。由于抑制呼吸,限制了阿片类镇痛的使用。临床上虽有描述,但阿片类药物作用于大脑呼吸中枢的具体机制仍尚未完全得到阐明。解决阿片类药物引起的呼吸抑制,最终将有利于患者的镇痛,并有可能减少因阿片类药物过量致死。该文对阿片类药物从细胞到系统水平影响呼吸的机制研究进展予以综述。
The effects of opioids on the respiratory system are among the focuses of narcotic medicine and pharmacology. The use of opioid analgesics is limited by the suppression of breathing. Although clinically described, the specific mechanisms by which opioids act on the respiratory center of the brain have not yet been fully elucidated. Addressing opioid-induced respiratory depression will eventually benefit patients with pain relief and may reduce the risk of overdose of opioids. This article reviews the research progress on the mechanism of opioids affecting the respiration from the cell to the systemic level.