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苏联现行的小学閱讀課本一共四册,一至四年級每年一册。翻开这部課本,首先给人的感觉是內容丰富多彩,閃耀着鮮明的社会主义語文課本的特色。这部課本共有課文637篇,中譯本共有92万字。第一册163篇,11万字;第二册168篇,19万字;第三册217篇,36万字;第四册89篇,26万字。課文最短的几十个字,最长的在两万字以上。如《高加索的俘虏》就有25000字。詩,最短的三四行,长詩如普希金的《沙皇撒尔丹》,达1000行。四册里面,第一、二册的內容大半是自然常識,第三册安排了文学作品、地理和自然、历史。地理和自然部分又分为辨别方向、田地、森林、水、气候、人体保键等十一个单元。历史部分包括从古代历史断片到卫国战争、战后建設等五个单元。由于四年级自然、地理、历史已独立设科。第四册課文全是文学作品。
There are four volumes of elementary school reading textbooks in the Soviet Union and one volume per year in the first to fourth grades. When we open this textbook, the first thing we feel is that the content is rich and colorful, and it shines with distinctive features of socialist language textbooks. This textbook has a total of 637 texts and a total of 920,000 words in the Chinese translation. The first volume is 163, 110,000 characters; the second volume is 168, 190,000 characters; the third volume, 217, 360,000 characters; the fourth volume, 89, 260,000 characters. The shortest dozens of words in the text, the longest in more than 20,000 words. For example, “Caucasian prisoners” has 25,000 words. Poems, the shortest three or four lines, long poems such as Pushkin’s “Tsar Sardan”, reached 1,000 lines. In the four volumes, the contents of the first and second volumes are mostly natural common sense. The third volume is composed of literary works, geography and nature, and history. Geographical and natural parts are divided into eleven units, such as direction, field, forest, water, climate, and human security. The historical part includes five units from ancient historical fragments to the Great Patriotic War and post-war construction. Due to the nature, geography, and history of the fourth grade, it has been independently established. The fourth volume of the text is all literary works.