高考结束,各地都把文理科第一名称作“文科状元”、“理科状元”;第二名称作“榜眼”;第三名称作“探花”。那么,状元、榜眼、探花到底是什么呢? 其实,它们是中国古代科举考试中的特定称谓。先秦有三年举行一次考查乡人“德行道艺”的“大比”,汉代选拔人才采取“察举”的制度,隋代则设“进士”、“明经”两科取士,考试成为人才选拔的主要依据。 After the end of the college entrance examination, the first name of the liberal arts and sciences was designated as “the top scholar of arts” and “the champion of science”; the second name was the “second place”; the third name was “the exploration of flowers”. So, what are the champions, the second place, and the flowers? In fact, they are the specific titles in the ancient Chinese civil examinations. In pre-Qin, there was a three-year inspection of the “Dayi” of the local people. The selection of talents in the Han Dynasty took the “censored” system. In the Sui Dynasty, there were two divisions of “jinshi” and “mingjing”. The examination became a talent. The main basis for selection.