选用稻米垩白率不同的 6个粳稻品种 ,采用 Griffing双列杂交方法四 ,对杂种 F1 及 F2 的稻米垩白率进行了配合力分析。结果表明 ,稻米垩白率的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差在 F1 及 F2 代均极显著 ,表明在本试验中基因加性效应和非加性效应均起重要作用。但由于 GCA MS / SCA MS值在 F1 代和 F2 代均极显著 ,而且 F2 代又比 F1 代大 ,因此 ,稻米垩白率在杂种后代的表现主要还是由基因加性效应决定 ,并且随着世代的增加 ,加性基因的作用越显重要。在总的遗传变异中 F1 代和 F2 代主要以加性变异为主 ,并且随着世代的推进而非加性变异变小。稻米垩白率的一般配合力效应在 F1 和 F2 代的表现极为一致 ,F1和 F2 代间的秩次相关极显著。亲本稻米垩白率的高低与亲本一般配合力效应间有着密切的关系 ,各世代两者间的相关均极显著。因此 ,根据亲本稻米垩白率的高低可以估计其亲本一般配合力效应的高低。但稻米垩白率较低的亲本间两者的表现并不一致 Six japonica rice varieties with different chalkiness rates were selected. The combining ability of chalkiness rate of hybrids F1 and F2 was analyzed by Griffing double-row hybridization method. The results showed that the general combining ability and the special combining ability variance of chalky rice rate were extremely significant in F1 and F2 generations, indicating that additive and non-additive effects play an important role in this experiment. However, since GCA MS / SCA MS values ​​are extremely significant in F1 and F2 generations and F2 generation is larger than F1 generation, the performance of rice chalkiness in hybrid progeny is mainly determined by gene additive effect, and with Increasing generations, the role of additive genes more important. In the total genetic variation, F1 and F2 were mainly additive variation, and as the generation progressed, the non-additive variation became smaller. The general combining ability effect of chalkiness rate in rice was very consistent in F1 and F2 generations, and rank correlation between F1 and F2 was extremely significant. The parental chalkiness rate was closely related to the general combining ability of the parents, and the correlation between the two generations was extremely significant. Therefore, we can estimate the general combining ability of the parents according to the chalkiness rate of the parental rice. However, the performance of the two parents with low chalkiness rates was not consistent