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从历史角度来看,被心理学家和社会学家纳入“自我概念”①范畴的研究领域乃是神学家,哲学家、政治评论家、剧作家和小说家的主要研究内容。目前在有关这个研究领域的定义问题上仍然存在着分歧。本文将通过对自我概念在当代心理学中的地位的分析,对各派学者提出的代表性概念作扼要介绍,并指出其异同之处。我们可以通过确立适当的定义,对各种发展性的和实验性的研究进行评述,从而获得建立在科学基础上的(不是意味着“相互辩驳”的)自我概念的线索。
From a historical point of view, the research fields that psychologists and sociologists include in the category of “self-concept” ① are the main research contents of theologians, philosophers, political commentators, dramatists and novelists. There are still differences on the definition of this area of research. Through the analysis of the status of self-concept in contemporary psychology, this article briefly introduces the representative concepts proposed by various scholars and points out the similarities and differences. We can get clues to self-concepts based on science (not implying “mutual bargaining”) by establishing appropriate definitions of the various developmental and experimental studies.