胸腔积液在临床上很常见,其中,恶性胸腔积液发生率约20%~30%[1]。恶性胸腔积液的发生率高,死亡率高,明确诊断后中位生存期仅4~9个月[2]。胸膜穿刺活检是目前临床公认的检测胸腔积液的金标准,其特异性高,但是具有创伤性,操作上也较繁琐,因此,临床上需寻求更简便、快速的方法进行检测,同时具有较高的特异性和敏感性,以减轻患者的痛 Pleural effusion is clinically common, of which malignant pleural effusion, the incidence of about 20% to 30% [1]. The incidence of malignant pleural effusion, high mortality, a clear diagnosis of median survival of only 4 to 9 months [2]. Pleural puncture biopsy is currently recognized as the gold standard for the detection of pleural effusion, its specificity is high, but traumatic, the operation is also more cumbersome, therefore, the clinical need to find a more simple and rapid method for testing, at the same time have more High specificity and sensitivity to relieve pain in patients