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在冷温处理条件下，通过对14个不同耐冷性水稻品种的花药大小、花粉大小和花粉数的测量分析，明确了花药长度与花药内的总花粉数密切相关（r＝0．831~**），花药长度和花药内的可育花粉数与耐冷性的关系密切（r＝0．853~**，r＝0．915~**），发现花粉大小与耐冷性之间有显著的正相关关系（r＝0.75~**），可育花粉数是水稻孕穗期耐冷性的主要构成因子。
Under the conditions of cold temperature treatment, the anther size, the pollen size and the pollen number of 14 different cold-tolerant rice cultivars were determined. It was found that the length of the anther was closely related to the total number of pollen in the anther (r = 0.831 ~ ** ), Anther length and number of fertile pollens in anthers were closely related to cold tolerance (r = 0.853 ~ **, r = 0.915 ~ **). It was found that there was a significant positive correlation between pollen size and cold tolerance (R = 0.75 ~ **), the number of fertile pollen is the main component of cold tolerance at the booting stage of rice.