在美国,卒中是死亡的第三大原因和成人致残的首要原因。本文概述了卒中后导致细胞死亡的通路,并对目前有关缺血耐受现象的文献加以总结。缺血耐受是一种内源性神经保护机制,通过这一机制保护神经元免受卒中期间和卒中后出现的脑缺血有害效应。深入了解卒中后导致细胞死亡的过程和诸如缺血耐受之类的内源性神经保护机制,有助于为这种破坏性神经疾病找到新的治疗策略。 In the United States, stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability in adults. This article summarizes the pathways leading to cell death after stroke and summarizes the current literature on ischemic tolerance. Ischemic tolerance is an endogenous neuroprotective mechanism by which neurons are protected from detrimental effects of cerebral ischemia that occur during and after stroke. In-depth understanding of the processes that lead to cell death after stroke and endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms such as ischemic tolerance help to find new therapeutic strategies for this devastating neurological disease.