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目的了解开封市2012-2013年狂犬病疫情流行特征及狂犬病暴露人群的分布特征,形成防治建议,为政府决策服务。方法收集“疾病监测信息报告管理系统”所报告的2012-2013年开封市狂犬病的数据和各狂犬病门诊登记的狂犬病暴露人员数据并进行汇总分析。结果开封市2012-2013年狂犬病的发病率为0.21/10万和0.15/10万,病例主要为60岁以下的散居儿童和农民,狂犬病2012-2013年平均暴露率为52.14/万,2013年暴露率低于2012年,暴露人群中男性多于女性,16~45岁年龄组暴露数最多,伤口部位主要分布在四肢,下肢暴露最多,平均98.90%的暴露人员受伤后曾进行过伤口处理,致死动物以犬为主。结论开封市狂犬病暴露强度处于较高的水平,成为一个较严重的公共卫生问题,狂犬病的防控重点是农村地区的散居儿童和农民。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rabies and the distribution characteristics of rabies exposed population from 2012 to 2013 in Kaifeng City, and to form prevention and control suggestions for government decision-making. Methods Data of rabies in Kaifeng 2012-2013 and rabies exposed persons registered in rabies clinics were collected and analyzed by Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System. Results The incidence rates of rabies in Kaifeng from 2012 to 2013 were 0.21 / 100,000 and 0.15 / 100,000 respectively. The main cases were scattered children and peasants under 60 years of age. The average exposure rate of rabies from 2012 to 2013 was 52.14 / million. The exposure in 2013 The rate was lower than that of 2012. There were more males than females in the exposed population and the highest exposure in the age group of 16-45 years. The wounds mainly distributed on the extremities and the lower extremities were the most exposed. On average, 98.90% of the exposed persons were injured and were treated with wounds and died The main dog animal. Conclusion The exposure intensity of rabies in Kaifeng City is at a high level and becomes a serious public health problem. The focus of prevention and control of rabies is scattered children and peasants in rural areas.