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目的:探讨流行病学史在发热门诊筛查新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎，COVID-19）的作用，有助于细化发热门诊的管理模式，提高发热门诊筛查效率，减少交叉感染的发生。方法:回顾性分析2020年1月23日0时至2020年2月11日24时在四川大学华西医院发热门诊就诊患者，依据患者是否具有流行病学史分为流行病学史组（试验组）和无流行病学史组（对照组），两组患者分区诊治，比较两组患者的临床资料、NEWS评分、病原学检查结果、CT显示病毒性肺炎比例、候诊时间、COVID-19患者比例、入院构成比。计量资料采用均数±标准差(Mean±SD)表示，计数资料采用率（构成比）表示，正态分布的计量资料两组之间对比采用独立样本n t检验，偏态分布计量资料采用中位数（四分位数间距）表示，两组之间对比采用非参数检验，计数资料组间比较采用n χ2检验，以n P 0.05)；试验组的年龄（35.00 ± 12.80 n vs 38.13 ± 15.57岁）、发热患者比例（28.80% n vs 32.75%）、候诊时间（31.72 n vs 58.08 min）低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(n P <0.05)；试验组CT检查比例（37.54% n vs 20.39%）、CT检查显示病毒性肺炎比例（9.77% n vs 2.95%）、行COVID-19核酸检测比例（85.44% n vs 56.75%）、入院率（16.72% n vs 9.63%）均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(n P 0.05)。n 结论:在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间，有必要调整发热门诊的运行管理模式，根据流行病学史对患者进行分区管理，以提高调筛查效率，减少交叉感染风险。“,”Objective:To investigate the role of epidemiological history in the screening of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in fever clinic, to improve the efficiency in fever clinic and reduce the incidence of cross infection.Methods:This is a retrospective study. Patients who were admitted to the Fever Clinic in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 23th, 2020 to February 11th, 2020 were included in the study. According to epidemiological history, the patients were divided into the epidemiological history group (experimental group) and no epidemiological history group (control group). The two groups of patients were admitted and treated separately. The clinical data, NEWS score, etiology results, viral pneumonia showed on CT, time of visit, COVID-19 patient ratio, and admission composition ratio were compared between the two groups. The measurement data were presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD), and the numeration data were expressed as ratio or constituent ratio. The measurement data of normal distribution between the two groups were compared by independent sample t test. The measurement data of skewed distribution were expressed by the median (interquartile range), and the comparison between the two groups was tested by non-parameter. The differences between enumeration data were assessed by chi-square test. A n P 0.05). The age (35.00 ± 12.80 vs 38.13 ± 15.57 years) , the proportion of fever patients (28.80% vs 32.75%) and waiting time (31.72 vs 58.08 min) of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The CT examination ratio (37.54% vs 20.39%), viral pneumonia ratio shown on CT (9.77% vs 2.95%), ratio of examined COVID-19 nucleic acid test (85.44% vs 56.75%), and the admission ratio (16.72% vs 9.63%) of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P 0.05).n Conclusion:It is necessary to adjust the management mode of fever clinic during the corona virus disease 2019, and to manage the patients according to the epidemiological history which can improve the screening efficiency and reduce the risk of cross infection.