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Objective:To observe the influence of acupuncture stimulus and thermal stimulus on the expression of mast cells (MCs) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in local acupoint area of Guānyuan(关元 CV 4) and serum 5-HT in rats.Methods:Thirty-nine male C57BL/6 rats were randomly divided into blank control group,acupuncture stimulus group and thermal stimulus group,with 13 rats in each group.The rats were stimulated by manual acupuncture at CV 4 for 5 min in acupuncture stimulus group,while those in thermal stimulus group were stimulated by adopting a thermal moxibustion apparatus on CV 4 for 30min.The expression of MC and 5-HT in the skin in the acupoint area of CV 4 before and after acupuncture stimulus and thermal stimulus was observed and analyzed via adopting toluidine blue staining method and immunofluorescence histochemical method (5 rats were selected from each group),and the 5-HT content in serum before and after stimulus was determined through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (8 rats were selected from each group).The influence of acupuncture stimulus and thermal stimulus on the contents of MC and 5-HT in the skin and serum 5-HT in rats was analyzed and compared.Results:① After acupuncture stimulus or thermal stimulus on CV 4 of C57BL/6 rats,the number of MC in the acupoint area significantly increased when compared with that in blank group (the acupuncture stimulus group 12.40±2.07 vs.the blank group 3.00±5.96;thermal stimulus group 26.20±10.85 vs.the blank group 12.40 ± 2.07,both P ＜ 0.05),and MC aggregation and degranulation were observed (the acupuncture stimulus group 17.80 ± 4.55 vs.the blank group 8.00 ±3.16;the thermal stimulus group 24.00 ± 9.05 vs.the blank group 8.00 ± 3.16,P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).② After acupuncture stimulus or thermal stimulus,5-HT was released by MCs in the acupoint area,which aggregated around the blood vessels,and the number of 5-HT in the acupoint area significantly increased when compared with that in blank group (the blank group 3.00±1.28 vs.the acupuncture stimulus group 10.02 ± 3.21;the blank group 3.00 ±1.28 vs.the thermal stimulus group 14.00 ± 3.94,both P ＜ 0.01).③ Compared with blank group,both acupuncture stimulus and thermal stimulus could reduce the 5-HT content in serum (the blank group 0.72 ± 0.2372 vs.acupuncture stimulus group 0.43 ± 0.21;the blank group 0.72 ± 0.24 vs.thermal stimulus group 0.32 ± 0.18,both P ＜ 0.01),and the effect in thermal stimulus group was slightly superior to that in acupuncture stimulus group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:Both acupuncture stimulus and thermal stimulus can cause the aggregation and degranulation of MCs and high expression of 5-HT in the acupoint area.The effect of thermal stimulus was superior to that of acupuncture stimulus in degranulation.