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目的了解兵团石河子教师、公务员及医务人员吸烟及控烟行为知识态度,为制定烟草控制政策提供依据。方法于2008年10月采用整群随机抽样方法对一所大学、5所中学及5所小学的349名教师,卫生局及市政府机关的151名公务员,二所综合医院及5家社区卫生服务中心的503名医务人员进行面对面吸烟相关问卷调查。结果三种职业人群吸烟率为24.93%。公务员吸烟率(32.45%)显著高于医务人员(30.60%)及教师(13.47%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男性(54.93%)吸烟率显著高于女性(0.90%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。54.40%的现吸烟者从未戒过烟。93.88%的公务员吸烟者在上班时吸烟,显著高于医务人员(91.49%)和教师(64.94%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。学校、医院和政府机构的调查对象禁烟制度执行率均<30%。吸烟致冠心病及肺气肿的知识知晓率医务人员高于教师及公务员,而被动吸烟致支气管炎、肺炎及哮喘的知识知晓率以教师为高(P<0.01)。结论应加强对三类职业人群的控烟干预,对公务员及医务人员应采取强有力的控烟措施,加强管理制度的执行落实,降低烟草危害。
Objective To understand the knowledge and attitudes of the Corps Shihezi teachers, civil servants and medical staff on smoking and tobacco control behavior and provide the basis for formulating tobacco control policies. Methods A total of 349 teachers from a university, five secondary schools and five primary schools, 151 civil servants from the health bureau and municipal government offices, two general hospitals and five community health services The center’s 503 medical staff conducted face-to-face smoking-related questionnaires. Results The smoking rate of three occupational groups was 24.93%. The smoking rate of civil servants (32.45%) was significantly higher than that of medical staff (30.60%) and teachers (13.47%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The smoking rate of males (54.93%) was significantly higher than that of females (0.90%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). 54.40% of current smokers never quit smoking. 93.88% of civil servants smoked at work, significantly higher than the medical staff (91.49%) and teachers (64.94%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The implementation rate of smoking ban in schools, hospitals and government agencies was <30%. Knowledge of awareness rate of smoking-induced coronary heart disease and emphysema was higher than that of teachers and civil servants, while the rate of knowledge of passive smoking-induced bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma was higher in teachers (P <0.01). Conclusions Tobacco control interventions should be strengthened for the three occupational groups. Civil servants and medical staff should adopt strong tobacco control measures to strengthen the implementation of the management system and reduce the harm caused by tobacco.