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目的了解广州市2009年至2010年肠道门诊就诊的细菌性腹泻患者病原谱的分布情况,为制定针对重点人群肠道传染病防治策略提供依据。方法收集2009年5月至2010年5月暨南大学附属第一医院腹泻患者的粪便标本,使用卡-布运送培养基,增菌培养后,采用生化反应和氧化酶试验进行菌株鉴定,并用梅里埃API生化板条进行验证,用病原菌诊断血清进行细菌分型。结果从320份粪便标本中分离到38株菌株,其中沙门菌15株,产毒大肠埃希菌12株,致病大肠埃希菌6株,志贺菌2株,出血性大肠埃希菌、霍乱弧菌、气单胞菌各1株。0～20岁年龄段高发,以1岁以内婴幼儿为主;7～10月为发病高峰期。结论来该院肠道门诊就诊的细菌性腹泻患者,其病原体以沙门菌为主,其次为产毒大肠埃希菌。因此,广州地区细菌性腹泻的预防,应有针对性的面向重点人群和重点病原菌。
Objective To understand the distribution of the pathogenic spectrum of bacterial diarrhea patients from 2009 to 2010 in Guangzhou and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of intestinal infectious diseases in key populations. Methods Stool samples from diarrhea patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from May 2009 to May 2010 were collected. The culture medium was transported by card-cloth. After the bacteria were cultured, biochemical reactions and oxidase tests were performed to identify the strains. API biochemical slats to verify the use of pathogenic bacteria for the diagnosis of serum typing. Results Thirty-eight isolates were isolated from 320 stool specimens, of which 15 were Salmonella, 12 were producing E. coli, 6 were pathogenic Escherichia coli, 2 were Shigella, 2 were Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae and Aeromonas sp. High incidence of 0 to 20 age group, mainly to infants and young children within 1 year of age; 7 to October for the peak incidence. Conclusion The bacterial pathogens in patients with bacterial diarrhea attending the intestinal clinic in this hospital are mainly Salmonella, followed by those producing E. coli. Therefore, the prevention of bacterial diarrhea in Guangzhou should be targeted for key populations and key pathogens.