清朝从嘉庆年间开始 ,国家逐步衰落 ,政治、经济方面出现了许多新的矛盾 ,其中最为突出的是漕运、盐政和河工问题。漕运关系着清朝统治阶级和旗民的俸饷食米 ,盐政关系着清政府的国课 ,河工则直接决定着农业的丰歉和社会的安定 ,因而引起了统治阶级的重视和封建士人的普遍关心? Qing Dynasty from Jiaqing years, the gradual decline of the country, political and economic aspects of the emergence of many new contradictions, the most prominent of which is the issue of water transport, salt and river workers. The water transport is related to the pension of the ruling class and the banner people in the Qing Dynasty. The salt administration is related to the Qing government’s national class, and the river industry directly determines the apology and social stability of agriculture. Therefore, the ruling class and the feudal scholars The general concern?