引言在发现放射性以后的头四五十年里,放射性元素仅是有学术上的意义和兴趣的物品。虽然制造夜光表等少数的工艺上和某些医疗过程中有时要用到它们,但它们活动的范围基本上是限制在物理学家或化学家的实验室里。自从约十年前人类发明了利用原子能的方法以后,放射性同位素在各门科学和应用技术上的 Introduction In the first four or five decades after the discovery of radioactivity, radioactive elements are only articles of academic interest and interest. Although it is sometimes used in the few processes that make night-time watches and in some medical procedures, the scope of their activities is largely confined to the physicist’s or chemist’s lab. Since human beings invented the method of using atomic energy about ten years ago, radioisotopes have been applied in various fields of science and applied technology