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远在19世纪,曾用电刺激来减轻拔牙时疼痛,但一直没有进行研究。Reynolds指出电刺激中脑中央灰质产生外科镇痛,标志着用现代科学方法研究镇痛的内源性机理有了惊人的进展。 Murray等曾提示垂体提取物中有镇痛素。Co11ier也暗示体液中有内源性镇痛物质的存在。鸦片可以和脑内及肠神经丛内的特异受体相结合的报告后,于1974～1975年间开始了寻找内源性镇痛剂,两个实验室提供了吗啡样多肽存在的证据。1975年12月发表的脑啡肽(Enkephalin)是与鸦片受体有亲和力的五肽,很快还发现存在另一些内源性吗啡样多肽。即脑啡肽和内啡肽,据Eric Simon的建议,合
As far back as the 19th century, electrical stimulation was used to relieve pain during tooth extraction, but no study has been conducted. Reynolds notes that electrical stimulation of central gray matter in the midbrain produces surgical pain relief, signaling a dramatic advance in the endogenous mechanism of analgesia with modern scientific methods. Murray et al. Have suggested that there are analgesics in the pituitary extract. Co11ier also suggests the presence of endogenous analgesic substances in body fluids. After reports of the combination of opiates with specific receptors in the brain and in the gut plexus, the search for endogenous analgesics began in 1974-1975 and two laboratories provided evidence of the presence of morphine-like peptides. Enkephalin, published in December 1975, is a pentapeptide that has affinity for the opioid receptors and soon found that there are other endogenous morphine-like peptides. Enkephalins and endorphins, according to Eric Simon’s proposal