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研究建立了太阳能热电站单罐蓄热器的数学模型,并以蓄热量为优化目标,蓄热器高度、入口处导热油温度和流量为优化变量,通过优化计算得到蓄热器的最优设计条件和最优操作条件。在优化求解过程中,针对解决求解过程中存在局部极小点的问题,本文提出了一种改进型模拟退火算法。在改进型算法中,考虑新状态变量值被接受和被拒绝的统计规律,自适应地调整搜索邻域的大小,有效提高了算法调出局部极小点的能力。仿真结果表明,通过优化计算,确定蓄热器高度和蓄热量的变化有关,考虑设计条件中的经济因素,最优蓄热器高度为2 m。当导热油采用CAFLO油时,最优的入口油温为300℃、最优入口流量为1.5 ml/s时,可以获得最大蓄热量24.87 MJ,使蓄热器处在最佳的工作状态,提高太阳能的利用效率。同时本文比较了改进型模拟退火算法和常规模拟退火算法在改变内循环次数情况下求解的稳定性,计算结果表明,本文提出的算法有相对较好的稳定性。
The mathematic model of single-tank heat accumulator for solar thermal power stations was established. Taking the heat storage as the optimization target, the height of heat accumulator and the temperature and flow of heat-conducting oil at the inlet were optimized variables. The optimum design of heat accumulator Conditions and optimal operating conditions. In the process of optimization and solving, in order to solve the problem of local minima in the solving process, an improved simulated annealing algorithm is proposed in this paper. In the improved algorithm, considering the statistical laws that the new state variables are accepted and rejected, the size of the search neighborhood is adaptively adjusted, which effectively improves the ability of the algorithm to extract local minima. The simulation results show that, by optimizing the calculation, it is determined that the height of the regenerator is related to the change of the heat storage capacity. Taking into account the economic factors in the design conditions, the optimal height of the regenerator is 2 m. When CAFLO oil is used as the heat transfer oil, the optimal inlet oil temperature is 300 ℃, and the optimal inlet flow rate is 1.5 ml / s, the maximum heat storage capacity of 24.87 MJ can be obtained, making the heat accumulator in the best working condition and improving Solar energy utilization efficiency. At the same time, this paper compares the stability of the improved simulated annealing algorithm and the conventional simulated annealing algorithm in changing the number of internal cycles. The calculation results show that the proposed algorithm has a relatively good stability.