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目的掌握南通市2013年疟疾疫情及流行特征,为制定和调整适合该市的消除疟疾策略和措施提供依据。方法对2013年全市网络报告疟疾疫情、个案调查表和疟疾专报系统流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果 2013年全市共报告疟疾48例,发病率为0.63/10万,均为国外输入性病例。市中心镜检站对血片进行复核,结果恶性疟45例,卵形疟2例,三日疟1例。病例主要分布在海安县和海门市,共40例,占全市病例的83.33%。所有病例均在3d内完成个案流行病学调查,发现48例病例均来自非洲,最多的来自安哥拉25例,其次赤道几内亚12例,南苏丹7例。对48例病例个案分析,初诊单位为县级医疗机构37例,乡镇卫生院5例,村卫生室3例,地市级医疗机构3例。确诊单位为县级医疗机构41例、市级医疗机构7例,乡镇卫生院和村卫生室均未能及时明确疟疾诊断。结论南通市已连续3年无本地感染疟疾病例报告,消除疟疾工作成效显著;但境外感染的输入疟疾病例日益增多,且感染虫种呈多样性。应提高基层乡村医务工作者疟防知识和业务技能,加强高危人群健康教育,巩固消除疟疾成果。
Objective To grasp the epidemic and epidemic characteristics of malaria in 2013 in Nantong City and provide the basis for formulating and adjusting strategies and measures for malaria elimination in the city. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on 2013 epidemiological survey of malaria cases in the whole city, case investigation table and epidemiological survey of malaria special report system. Results In 2013, a total of 48 cases of malaria were reported in the city with a prevalence of 0.63 / 100 000, all of which were imported cases abroad. Medical examination at the city center blood film review, the results of 45 cases of falciparum malaria, 2 cases of oval-shaped malaria, malaria 3 cases. Cases were mainly distributed in Haian County and Haimen, a total of 40 cases, accounting for 83.33% of the city’s cases. All cases were completed case-by-case epidemiological investigation in 3d and found 48 cases were from Africa, the most from Angola in 25 cases, followed by 12 cases in Equatorial Guinea, South Sudan in 7 cases. Case analysis of 48 cases, the initial diagnosis unit for the county-level medical institutions in 37 cases, township hospitals in 5 cases, 3 cases of village clinics, municipal-level medical institutions in 3 cases. The diagnosed units were 41 county-level medical institutions, 7 municipal-level medical institutions, township hospitals and village clinics failed to confirm the malaria diagnosis in time. Conclusion Nantong has reported no cases of local malaria infection for three years in a row, and the malaria elimination work has achieved remarkable results. However, the number of malaria cases imported from abroad is increasing, and the diversity of infected worms is diversified. The grass-roots rural medical workers should increase malaria prevention knowledge and business skills, strengthen the health education of high-risk groups and consolidate the achievements in eliminating malaria.