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自然环境与社会环境有密切的关系。历史上中国的气候不断发生变化,气象学家竺可桢认为,气候变化对于古代中国有着至关重要的影响。据气象资料来看,中国经历过四个气候寒冷期,大概在公元前1000年,公元400年,1200年和1700年。北方气候变得寒冷,北方自然环境因此发生改变。北方植被生存条件比较脆弱,严寒致使草场开始枯竭,从而逐水草而生的游牧民族举家南迁。孟德斯鸠曾说:“土地贫瘠,使人勤奋、俭朴、耐劳、勇敢和适宜战争,土地不给予的东西,他们不得不以人力去获得。”历史上经历的四个寒冷时期与北方游牧民族几次大规模南侵的时间正好吻合。战
Natural environment and social environment are closely related. Historically, the climate in China is constantly changing. According to Zhu Kezhen, a meteorologist, climate change is of crucial importance to ancient China. According to the meteorological data, China has experienced four cold periods of climate, about 1,000 BC, 400 AD, 1200 and 1700 AD. The climate in the north has become cold and the natural environment in the North has changed. Survival conditions of the northern vegetation is more fragile, cold caused the pasture began to dry up, so that the nomadic people moved by water moved their families south. Montesquieu once said: “The land is barren, diligent, frugal, industrious, courageous, and warlike, and what land does not give, they have to be manpower.” "The four cold periods that have historically been associated with Northern nomads several times the time of large-scale southward invasion coincide. war