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热处理一词的定义是:将固态金属或合金在一定介质中加热、保温和冷却,以改变其整体或表面组织,从而获得所需要性能的工艺。由于热处理的目的是研究金属的性能,所以我们在讲述之前必须明确造制轴承用钢应达到什么样的性能。 滚动轴承零件要在拉伸、压缩、弯曲、剪切、交变等复杂应力状态下长期工作,因此要求制造滚动轴承用钢通过热处理后具有下述性能: 1.高的接触疲劳强度 当滚动体在轴承内外圈的滚道间滚动时,接触部分承受周期脉冲负荷,频率可达每分钟数万次。由此零件表层发生疲劳破坏,即出现龟裂剥落。所以要求轴承用钢应具备有高的接触疲劳强度。 2.高的耐磨性 滚动轴承工作时除了发生滚动摩擦外,还伴有滑动摩擦。如轴承用钢的耐磨性差,轴承便会过早出现磨损,降低轴承使用寿命。
The term heat treatment is defined as the process by which a solid metal or alloy is heated, insulated and cooled in a medium to change its overall or surface texture to obtain the desired properties. Since the purpose of the heat treatment is to study the properties of the metal, we have to clarify what the performance of the bearing steel should be before making a presentation. Rolling bearing components in the tensile, compression, bending, shear, alternating and other complex stress conditions long-term work, requiring the manufacture of rolling bearing steel after heat treatment has the following properties: 1. High contact fatigue strength When the rolling element in the bearing Rolling between the inner and outer ring rolling, the contact part of the cycle to withstand pulsating load, the frequency of up to tens of thousands of times per minute. This part of the surface fatigue occurs, that is, cracked spalling. Therefore, the requirements of bearing steel should have a high contact fatigue strength. 2. High wear resistance Rolling bearing work in addition to rolling friction occurs, but also with sliding friction. Such as bearing steel wear resistance is poor, bearing wear will occur prematurely, reducing the bearing life.