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目的探索湖北省血吸虫病流行区初中生防护行为自我效能对其接触疫水行为的影响。方法在湖北省血吸虫病传播控制区和疫情控制区,通过整群随机抽样抽取3 204名初中生进行问卷调查。结果中学生最近3个月和最近12个月接触明确有钉螺的水体的行为发生率分别为11.4%(364/3 204)和14.8%(474/3 204),接触不明确有钉螺的水体的行为发生率达23.8%(762/3 204)和28.0%(898/3 204),血防知识及格率为82.1%(2 631/3 204),存在“知行分离”的问题。相关分析及Logistic回归分析显示血吸虫病防护行为自我效能是初中生接触疫水行为的保护因素(调整OR值分别为0.882、0.886、0.914、0.927)。结论初中生血吸虫病防护行为自我效能是接触疫水行为的保护因素,提高初中生自我效能可能是解决“知行分离”问题的有效策略之一。
Objective To explore the impact of self-efficacy of protective behavior of junior middle school students in schistosomiasis endemic areas of Hubei Province on exposure to water. Methods In schistosomiasis control area and epidemic control area in Hubei Province, 3 204 junior high school students were randomly selected from the cluster to conduct questionnaire survey. Results The prevalence of contact with clear snail was 11.4% (364/3 204) and 14.8% (474/3 204) respectively in the last 3 months and the last 12 months in middle school students, and the behavior of the unidentified snail The prevalence rate reached 23.8% (762/3 204) and 28.0% (898/3 204) respectively, and the passing rate of knowledge of blood-flu was 82.1% (2631/3 204). There was a problem of “separation of knowing and doing”. Correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis showed that schistosomiasis protective behavior self-efficacy was the protective factor of junior high school students exposure to water (adjusted OR values were 0.882,0.886,0.914,0.927 respectively). Conclusions Self-efficacy of protective behavior of schistosomiasis in junior high school students is the protective factor of exposure to water pollution. Improving self-efficacy of junior high school students may be one of the effective strategies to solve the problem of “separation of knowing and doing”.