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设计了一种超弹性形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy,SMA)阻尼器。在SMA丝的Graesser本构模型基础上,建立了SMA阻尼器的常规力学模型,进而提出了其简化力学模型。采用随机等价线性化法建立了单自由度SMA阻尼结构在高斯白噪声激励下的平稳随机振动分析公式。算例比较了随机等价线性化法和蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)模拟法计算的结构振动响应,证明了随机等价线性化法的有效性;比较了无控结构和SMA阻尼结构的动力特性和振动响应,说明了SMA阻尼器能增加结构的刚度和阻尼比,因而可有效抑制结构的振动。
A Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) damper was designed. Based on the Graesser constitutive model of SMA wire, a general mechanical model of SMA damper is established, and then its simplified mechanical model is proposed. The stochastic equivalent linearization method is used to establish the steady random vibration analysis formula of single degree of freedom SMA damping structure under Gaussian white noise excitation. The example compares the structural vibration response calculated by random equivalent linearization method and Monte Carlo simulation method, and proves the validity of the stochastic equivalence linearization method. The dynamic characteristics of uncontrolled structure and SMA damping structure are compared And vibration response, shows the SMA damper can increase the stiffness and damping ratio of the structure, which can effectively inhibit the structure of vibration.