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强流质子直线加速器要求严格控制束流损失和束流发射度增长。理论已经证明,强的空间电荷作用在不同自由度之间的耦合,会因为其间的‘温度’差异,通过束流的相干不稳定性,使束流发射度增长。因此,有必要按照‘均温’的原则设计强流加速器。但是,由于质子直线加速器的各种加速结构均为准周期耦合系统,使得‘均温’设计十分繁琐而难以达到完全‘均温’。利用国际上通用的束流动力学软件TRACE3-D,给它补充了‘均温’设计功能,通过与PARMILA程序的配合使用,可以方便地在加速器设计中实现‘均温’条件。介绍了对TRACE3-D的修改补充,并以强流质子直线加速器设计实例,说明均温设计的必要性。
Strong proton linear accelerators require strict control of beam loss and beam emission growth. It has been shown that the strong space charge coupling between different degrees of freedom will increase the beam emission due to the ’temperature’ difference between them and through the coherent instability of the beam. Therefore, it is necessary to design a strong current accelerator according to the principle of ’average temperature’. However, due to the quasi-periodic coupling system of various accelerating structures of the proton linac, the ’average temperature’ design is very complicated and it is difficult to achieve a complete ’average temperature’. Utilizing TRACE3-D, the world-class beam dynamics software, it has been supplemented with the ’average temperature’ design function. Through the cooperation with the PARMILA program, it is easy to achieve the ’average temperature’ condition in the accelerator design. The modification of TRACE3-D is introduced. The design example of strong stream proton linear accelerator is introduced to illustrate the necessity of temperature uniformity design.