先天性鼻后孔闭锁是一种少见的畸形。双侧鼻后孔闭锁是急症,如不能及时发现和治疗,新生儿常死于窒息。本病的发病率约占新生儿的1/5000,男女之比为1∶2,单侧较常见,左右之比为1∶2。骨性闭锁约占90%,余为膜性闭锁。闭锁可为完全性或不完全性(鼻后孔狭窄)。【胚胎学和病因学】正常情况下,胚胎颊鼻膜在妊娠第7周破裂。如该膜不破裂,则由于闭锁板存留,原鼻腔不与咽部相通。这种畸形病因不明,可能与畸胎形成或遗传有关。【诊断】双侧鼻后孔闭锁的诊断根据临床症状。患儿出生时立即出现呼吸窘迫,啼哭时减轻,喂奶时则因强制其鼻呼吸而加重。插入口腔导气管呼吸窘迫即解除。单侧闭锁最常见的症状是鼻阻塞伴有粘性分泌物。如果6 F导尿管或美 Congenital posterior orifice of the nose is a rare deformity. Bilateral posterior orifice closure is an emergency, if not found and treated in time, newborns often die of suffocation. The incidence of this disease accounts for about 1/5000 newborns, male to female ratio of 1: 2, unilateral more common, so the ratio of 1: 2. About 90% of bony atresia, more than membranous atresia. Blocking can be complete or incomplete (posterior orifice stenosis). Embryology and etiology Under normal circumstances, the embryonic buccal and nasal membranes rupture at 7 weeks of gestation. If the membrane is not ruptured, the original nasal cavity does not communicate with the throat due to the presence of the locking plate. The etiology of this deformity is unknown and may be related to teratogenesis or heredity. Diagnosis The diagnosis of bilateral posterior orifice obstruction based on clinical symptoms. Immediately after birth, children with respiratory distress, crying to reduce, while feeding due to compulsory nasal breathing and aggravating. Into the oral airway respiratory distress that is lifted. Unilateral occlusion is the most common symptom of nasal obstruction with viscous secretions. If 6 F catheter or beauty