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目的了解广东省各级疾病预防控制中心(疾病预防控制中心以下简称CDC)开展食品安全事故流行病学调查能力的现况,为制定卫生应急管理策略及人才培养计划提供科学依据。方法 2013年9~10月通过问卷函调查各级CDC相关科室负责人,从人、物、力、财等方面设置了人员情况、教育培训、应急现状、经费保障4部分35个条目的问题,对广东省市县两级124个CDC进行食品安全事故流行病学调查能力的普查。结果人员配备基本合理,但普遍反映紧缺。珠三角地区CDC专业人员中受过现场流行病学培训项目(FETP)培训的人员明显多于粤东西北地区;大多数地市级和县区级CDC制定了应急预案,但均未组织学习,而专业技术规范或标准的学习比例较高。全省CDC均储备了个案调查表,但未统一。大部分CDC配备了现场采样工具且定期补充,珠三角地区配置比例略高于粤东西北地区。食品安全事故信息来源主要为医疗机构(74.2%),任务来源主要为卫生行政部门(79.8%)。模拟案例调查结果提示CDC尤其是县区一级在现场流行病学调查技术能力上,如混杂因素排查、分析性流行病学、统计分析处理、样品采集和检测项目确定等方面还有较大的提升空间;食品安全事故流行病学调查专项经费缺口较大,各地经费差异也较大。地市级CDC流行病学调查经费政府拨款占82.8%,县区占64.1%。结论广东省各级CDC普遍存在人员、经费紧缺问题,流行病学调查技术能力在地市间和县区间存在较大差异,整体能力也亟待提升,各级政府应加强CDC人员和经费的保障,各级CDC应加强食品安全事故流行病学调查技术能力的建设。
Objective To understand the status quo of epidemiological investigation of food safety incidents in CDCs at all levels in Guangdong Province (CDC), and provide scientific basis for formulating health emergency management strategies and personnel training plans. Methods From September to October 2013, questionnaires were used to investigate the heads of relevant CDC departments at all levels and set up 35 items in 4 sections of personnel, education and training, emergency situations and funding protection from aspects of human, material, Census of epidemiological investigation of food safety incidents in 124 CDCs at city and county level in Guangdong Province. Results Staffing is basically reasonable, but it generally reflects the shortage. The number of CDP professionals trained in the field epidemiology training program (FETP) in the Pearl River Delta region was significantly more than that in eastern Guangdong, and most of the prefecture-level and county-level CDCs formulated contingency plans, but none of them organized learning Professional technical specifications or standards for a higher proportion of learning. The province CDC have stored a case questionnaire, but not unified. Most of the CDCs are equipped with on-site sampling tools and are replenished on a regular basis. The allocation ratio in the PRD is slightly higher than that in eastern, eastern and western Guangdong. The main sources of information about food safety accidents are medical institutions (74.2%), and the main sources of tasks are health administrative departments (79.8%). The results of the simulation case study suggest that CDC, especially at the county level, has more technical capability in field epidemiological investigation, such as confounding factor analysis, analytical epidemiology, statistical analysis and treatment, sample collection and determination of test items Improve space; food safety accident epidemiological survey of special funding gap is larger, larger differences across funding. Municipal CDC epidemiological survey funding 82.8% of government funding, county 64.1%. Conclusions The CDCs at all levels in Guangdong Province are experiencing a widespread shortage of staff and funding. Epidemiological survey techniques vary widely in prefectures and cities and counties, and their overall capabilities also need to be improved urgently. Governments at all levels should strengthen the protection of CDC personnel and funds, CDC at all levels should strengthen the food safety accident epidemiological investigation technical ability construction.