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在农作物中利用杂种优势来提高产量和改进品质,是五十年代农业科学的进展,在玉米和高粱生产上,已取得显著的成效。近几年来,对水稻和小麦等自交作物,也正在开展这项工作,它的发展前途,是令人鼓舞的。但小麦是自花授粉的作物,异花授粉率很低,能否有效地利用杂种优势,在很大程度上取决于异花授粉率的高低。如果异花授粉率很低,则制种费用高,经济效益低,在生产实践上很难应用。为此,研究花器生物学的特性,以提高其异花授粉率,是杂交小麦种子生产上所必须解决的一个关键问题。
The use of heterosis in crops to increase yields and improve quality is a development in agricultural science in the 1950s that has yielded significant results in the production of corn and sorghum. In recent years, this work has also been carried out on self-produced crops such as rice and wheat, and its development is encouraging. However, wheat is a self-pollinated crop with very low rate of cross-pollination, and the ability to utilize heterosis efficiently depends largely on the rate of cross-pollination. If the cross-pollination rate is very low, then the high cost of seed production, low economic efficiency, difficult to apply in production practice. Therefore, studying the characteristics of floral biology to improve the rate of cross-pollination is a key issue that must be solved in the production of hybrid wheat seeds.