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行政诉讼制度是现代法治国家不可或缺的法律制度,民国建立后,北京政府和国民政府分别建立了各自的行政诉讼制度。两个不同时期的行政诉讼制度在审判组织、当事人、诉讼程序等多个方面存在着差异,其各自诉讼实践都取得了较为显著的成效。与北京政府行政诉讼制度相比,国民政府行政诉讼制度进一步确立了特别机关审判模式,创设了司法性审判机关,建立了国家赔偿制度、判例制度、再审制度以及诉愿前置制度,推动了行政诉讼制度的发展。民国时期行政诉讼经验对当前中国行政诉讼制度改革具有重要参考价值。
The system of administrative litigation is an indispensable legal system in a modern country under the rule of law. After the establishment of the Republic of China, the Beijing government and the national government established their respective systems of administrative litigation. The two different periods of the system of administrative litigation there are differences in the trial organization, parties, litigation procedures and other aspects, their respective litigation have achieved more significant results. Compared with the Beijing administrative litigation system, the system of administrative litigation of the Kuomintang government further established the trial mode of the special authority, set up judicial adjudication organs, established the state compensation system, precedent system, retrial system and pre-appeal system, and promoted the administrative litigation System development. Administrative Litigation Experience in the Republic of China Period Has Important Reference Value to the Reform of China ’s Administrative Litigation System.