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中国民航市场寡头垄断的市场格局导致价格刚性的存在,使价格不能成为调整市场供需失衡的基本工具,同时,价格也不能成为航空公司争夺市场份额的竞争手段。为此,航空公司把到站时间作为竞争的基本手段。但是,在价格刚性情况下,航空公司的最优产品定位策略是尽可能地缩小与其他公司之间的差异,导致黄金时点多个航空公司航班到港,造成民航拥堵。因此,治理民航拥堵的根本对策在于引入竞争,打破寡头垄断的市场格局,充分发挥价格调整供需失衡的作用。
The oligopolistic market structure of China’s civil aviation market leads to the existence of price rigidity, so that the price can not become the basic tool for adjusting the imbalance between supply and demand in the market. At the same time, the price can not be the competitive means for airlines to compete for market share. To this end, airlines to stop the time as the basic means of competition. However, in the case of price rigidity, the optimal product positioning strategy for airlines is to narrow the gap with other companies as much as possible, resulting in the arrival of many airlines at the prime time to cause congestion in civil aviation. Therefore, the fundamental solution to the congestion control of civil aviation lies in introducing competition, breaking the market structure of oligopolies, and giving full play to the role of price adjustment in the imbalance between supply and demand.