HIV反式激活因子 (transactivator,Tat)作为HIV的调节蛋白 ,不但通过反式激活效应参与病毒基因的复制和表达 ,还可以分泌到胞外 ,抑制免疫细胞的分化和增殖 ,诱导其凋亡 ,激活静止的CD4 + T细胞 ,利于HIV的感染和体内传播 ,同时还能促进卡波氏肉瘤肿瘤细胞的发生、生长 ,直接或间接作用于皮质层和皮质下层区引起神经系统的损害。因此Tat作为爱滋病疫苗的靶点进行深入的研究引起了人们的关注 ,本文拟就有关内容作一综述。 As a regulator of HIV, transactivator (HIV) not only participates in the replication and expression of viral genes through transactivation, but also secretes extracellularly, inhibits the differentiation and proliferation of immune cells, induces apoptosis, Activation of quiescent CD4 + T cells is conducive to HIV infection and in vivo transmission, but also promote the occurrence and growth of Kaposi’s sarcoma tumor cells, directly or indirectly in the cortical and subcortical regions cause damage to the nervous system. Therefore, Tat as an AIDS vaccine target for further research has aroused people’s attention, this article intends to make a summary of the content.