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国内外对小麦幼胚培养技术报道很多,但所用方法愈伤组织和再生植株的诱导率一般不高,而且小麦不同基因型之间有很大差异。作者对未成熟胚培养诱导培养基的成份及有关操作技术做了改进,将所有供试12种不同基因型小麦的愈伤组织植株再生率提高到85%以上。 试验中选用了8个春麦品种和4个冬麦品种。经比较,未成熟胚接种的最佳发育时期因品种而异,一般为开花后的16-22天,此时胚的长度为1-1.5mm。发育阶段过早只能诱导出无再生能力的愈伤组织,发育阶段过晚则会出现发芽现象。
There are many reports on the technology of wheat immature embryo culture both at home and abroad, but the callus induction rate and the regenerated plant induction rate are generally not high, and there are great differences between different genotypes of wheat. The author improved the composition of immature embryo culture induction medium and related operation techniques, and raised the callus regeneration rate of all the 12 different genotypes of wheat to above 85%. Eight spring wheat varieties and four winter wheat varieties were selected for the experiment. By comparison, the optimum period of inoculation of immature embryos varies from species to species, generally 16-22 days after flowering, at which time the embryo length is 1-1.5 mm. Early stages of development can only induce callus without regenerative ability, and germination occurs too late in the developmental stage.