指称和陈述原本是重要的哲学范畴,最早由朱德熙将这一对概念引入汉语法研究,因其具有较强的解释力而获得普遍的运用。对指称和陈述的理解可以从语义、形态、语用等层面来进行;鉴别指称和陈述的方法,还有进一步研究的必要;指称和陈述在一定的条件下可以相互转化;指称和陈述内部可以进行变换;“指称”和“陈述”的对立问题、指称义的范畴问题是指称和陈述理论研究上尚待解决的问题。目前的研究虽然取得一定的成绩,但也存在明显的不足,有待进一步的研究。 Allegations and statements were originally important philosophical categories. Originally, Zhu Dexi introduced the concept into the study of Chinese law, gaining universal application because of its strong explanatory power. The understanding of allegations and representations can be carried out at the semantic, morphological and pragmatic levels; the methods of identifying allegations and representations, as well as the need for further research; the allegations and statements can be transformed into one another under certain conditions; the allusions and statements can be internalized The question of the category of allegation of justice is the unresolved issue of the theory of allegation and the statement of the theory. Although some achievements have been made in the current research, there are obvious deficiencies to be further studied.