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目的探讨以抑郁为首发症状的脑梗死患者的临床特点及其影响因素。方法对46例因抑郁障碍为首诊主诉,后经CT或M R I证实为脑梗死的患者,用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAM D)进行抑郁状态评定,对梗死部位、数量、合并症、生活方式、性别及受教育程度等相关因素统计分析。结果①46例被调查者中,轻度抑郁为58%,中度抑郁为34.3%,重度抑郁为6.5%;抑郁症状以焦虑/躯体化、迟缓和睡眠障碍为主;②比较左、右及双侧梗死组抑郁严重程度无显著差异(P>0.05),而皮质下及皮质合并皮质下梗死其抑郁有显著差异(P<0.05);多灶梗死组抑郁程度显著高于单灶梗死组(P<0.01);③抑郁与合并高血压、糖尿病及烟酒嗜好有关(P<0.05)。结论以抑郁障碍首次就诊的老年患者应警惕脑梗死的可能,其抑郁症状与梗死部位、合并疾病、生活行为方式等因素有关。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and the influencing factors of patients with cerebral infarction, the first symptom of depression. Methods A total of 46 patients with depression who were first diagnosed as depression and then confirmed by CT or MRI as cerebral infarction were assessed with Depression Scale Self Assessment Scale (SDS) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM D) Quantity, comorbidity, lifestyle, gender and educational level and other related factors statistical analysis. Results ①46 cases of mild depression were 58%, moderate depression was 34.3%, severe depression was 6.5%; depression symptoms were anxiety / somatization, sluggishness and sleep disorders; ② Comparison of left and right and double There was no significant difference in the severity of depression in the infarction group (P> 0.05), but there was significant difference in the depression between the subcortical and cortical subcortical infarcts (P <0.05). The severity of depression in the multifocal infarction group was significantly higher than that in the single infarct group <0.01). ③Depression was associated with hypertension, diabetes and alcohol and tobacco preferences (P <0.05). Conclusions Elderly patients with depression for the first time should be alert to the possibility of cerebral infarction, and their depressive symptoms are related to the infarction site, the combined diseases and the way of life and behavior.