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【内容摘要】《高中英语新课程标准》对于高中学生的英语写作能力提出了明确的要求:能比较详细和生动地用英语描述情景、态度或感情;能阐述自己的观点和评述他人的观点,文体恰当,用词准确。而在实际教学中,学生写作能力的提升相对滞后,学生缺乏写作内容,词汇贫乏,表达不得体。利用英语报刊辅助写作教学,通过大量鲜活语言的输入,有助于提高学生的写作兴趣,提升写作水平和综合语言运用能力。
【关键词】英语报刊 英语写作教学
写作教学素来是高中英语教学中的一个薄弱环节。学生在英语写作中存在无话可说或基于汉语思维造成的表达不当等问题。因此,在日常教学中,教师应该有意识地引导学生进行英语思维,提高语言的综合运用能力,尽可能使用地道的英语表达思想,传达信息。英语报刊中鲜活的语言为写作提供了大量的素材,贴近生活的时文更是创造出真实的语言情境,让学生带着兴趣对语言材料驾轻就熟,实现写作质的飞跃。
如何利用报刊开展英语写作教学呢?笔者认为应注意以下几点:
一、循序渐进,利用报刊做好语言积累
笔者所使用的teens,每期报纸都包含大量地道、生动的语言。笔者会在每周抽出一节课的时间,带领学生品读部分词句地道优美的文章,如:酷文解码和文化休闲部分,并要求学生做好词句摘抄,学生积累了丰富的语言素材。如:有学生在表达自己是否愿意参加志愿活动时,就想到了报刊上曾经积累的关于培根的名言,于是,他写道:“The inclination to goodness is imprinted deeply in the nature of man.”In this statement, Francis Bacon announces that it is merely out of human instinct that one helps others and only out of natural love that one supports others voluntarily.再如:有学生在日记中感悟生活,便用到了:Life is often measured by major accomplishments-Awards won, fortunes made, creative works completed. But it’s lived in the smallest of moments-in the everyday efforts to take care of your homes and those we love. It is to follow our own hearts and remember to enjoy life that is the real meaning of life. Why not stop spending and wasting your life accumulating objects that will only become dust and ashes.
二、以报纸为载体,锤炼谋篇布局
结合报纸上的文章,通过设问,引导学生关注不同体裁文章的写作特点。学习作者如何灵活使用各种写作技巧来实现自己的写作目的。设计多样化的过程性写作训练,帮助学生提高写作能力。
在阅读teens高一版28期上的文章Subway manners时,笔者让学生关注问题及尝试性的解决方案的提出,对方案的不同观点如何呈现,并且讨论作为高中生如何看待这一问题。学生在阅读时不仅注意到了作者如何提出问题,怎样呈现解决方案,同时积累了实用的表达,如:Traveling by subway can be quite an adventure, especially during peak hours... In the morning, you also have to avoid the cups of milk that could spill on you at any time and sometimes the smells of people’s breakfasts are overwhelming... To deal with this problem, Beijing is taking action... Some people argued that the suggested rules limit people’s freedom and make public transportation inconvenient for busy people... However, the draft rules are supported by people who are concerned about personal behavior in public spaces.学生将这些表达用于类似话题的写作中,如保护环境、节约资源等,有助于构建出逻辑性强,结构明了的语篇。
三、利用报刊开展英语写作教学过程中应注意的问题
1.报刊文章的选择
高中生多喜爱各种娱乐性话题相关的文章,这些文章虽然能吸引学生的兴趣,但语言和篇章结构较程式化。教师应挑选表达地道、词句呈现集中、隽永、富有生活哲理的文章作为语言输入材料。如:笔者发现teens高一版33期的酷文解码,选登了Michelle Obama于3月25号在成都7中的演讲。演讲中融入个人成长经历,以小见大,鼓励学生接受好的教育,因为:A good education is something that no one can take away from you.于是,笔者找到了相关的视频,让学生聆听演讲的同时,体味米歇尔演讲语言的魅力,如文中用到的:pour all of their love and hope into us; I felt the weight of my parents’ sacrifices on my shoulders.揣摩如何遣词造句。所以,在选择报刊及报刊上的文章时,要尽可能地兼顾文章的语言内涵和语言载体本身,帮助学生提高写作的同时,陶冶情操,树立正确的价值观。 2.读写时间的分配
写作之前,通常需要有相关语言材料的输入,但阅读环节本身需要花费大量的时间。所以,教师在进行写作教学之前,应该布置相关的课外阅读任务,通过具体、有针对性的练习,引导学生掌握文章的写作特点,并且能关注写作中需要的目标词汇和短语,及时积累,积极运用到自己的文章中。如:在让学生写如何与父母建立融洽的关系时,笔者先让学生预习文章talking to our parents,并且思考问题:
1. Do you get on well with your parents?
2. What do you want your parents to be like?
3. What do you think you should do to build a good relationship with your parents?
学生通过课前思考和课堂讨论,总结出写作要点:
1. It’s a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families.
2. Parents arrange almost everything for their children.
3. They make every effort to pave the way for their success.
4. As a consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thoughts or creative ideas.
5. Such a situation is of great concern.
6. Overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for children’s development.
7. Instead of doing everything for them, parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.
8. Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.
3.报刊话题的积累
每期报刊中的内容包罗万象,平时的写作教学中,教师通常只能根据写作需要处理部分文章。所以,教师还应在平时培养学生鉴赏文章能力,鼓励学生搜集与学习生活相关的及热点话题的文章,做个有心人,点滴积累语言材料。笔者通常会在课堂中组织学生讨论《你说我说》栏目的话题,再与报纸上的表达相比较。学生不仅训练了口头作文表达能力,而且通过比较,积累更多表达观点的词汇和句型,提高了书面表达能力。
结束语
报刊是辅助英语写作教学的极好的媒介,在原先基于课本的写作课堂教学模式的基础上,拓展了更大的教学空间,为学生提供了更为逼真、生动、形象的语言环境。学生通过阅读报刊不仅可以在英语写作能力上有所提高,在对文章的理解和对西方文化和价值观的鉴赏上也会有所进步,实现新课程所设定的三维目标。当然在实际运用过程中,也会遇到一些问题,这些问题还需要广大教师在教学专家共同探讨和解决。
【参考文献】
[1] 教育部普通高中英语课程标准(实验)2003.
[2] 21世纪英语报,2014.
[3] 高级英语写作教程.
(作者单位:安徽省合肥市第一中学)
【关键词】英语报刊 英语写作教学
写作教学素来是高中英语教学中的一个薄弱环节。学生在英语写作中存在无话可说或基于汉语思维造成的表达不当等问题。因此,在日常教学中,教师应该有意识地引导学生进行英语思维,提高语言的综合运用能力,尽可能使用地道的英语表达思想,传达信息。英语报刊中鲜活的语言为写作提供了大量的素材,贴近生活的时文更是创造出真实的语言情境,让学生带着兴趣对语言材料驾轻就熟,实现写作质的飞跃。
如何利用报刊开展英语写作教学呢?笔者认为应注意以下几点:
一、循序渐进,利用报刊做好语言积累
笔者所使用的teens,每期报纸都包含大量地道、生动的语言。笔者会在每周抽出一节课的时间,带领学生品读部分词句地道优美的文章,如:酷文解码和文化休闲部分,并要求学生做好词句摘抄,学生积累了丰富的语言素材。如:有学生在表达自己是否愿意参加志愿活动时,就想到了报刊上曾经积累的关于培根的名言,于是,他写道:“The inclination to goodness is imprinted deeply in the nature of man.”In this statement, Francis Bacon announces that it is merely out of human instinct that one helps others and only out of natural love that one supports others voluntarily.再如:有学生在日记中感悟生活,便用到了:Life is often measured by major accomplishments-Awards won, fortunes made, creative works completed. But it’s lived in the smallest of moments-in the everyday efforts to take care of your homes and those we love. It is to follow our own hearts and remember to enjoy life that is the real meaning of life. Why not stop spending and wasting your life accumulating objects that will only become dust and ashes.
二、以报纸为载体,锤炼谋篇布局
结合报纸上的文章,通过设问,引导学生关注不同体裁文章的写作特点。学习作者如何灵活使用各种写作技巧来实现自己的写作目的。设计多样化的过程性写作训练,帮助学生提高写作能力。
在阅读teens高一版28期上的文章Subway manners时,笔者让学生关注问题及尝试性的解决方案的提出,对方案的不同观点如何呈现,并且讨论作为高中生如何看待这一问题。学生在阅读时不仅注意到了作者如何提出问题,怎样呈现解决方案,同时积累了实用的表达,如:Traveling by subway can be quite an adventure, especially during peak hours... In the morning, you also have to avoid the cups of milk that could spill on you at any time and sometimes the smells of people’s breakfasts are overwhelming... To deal with this problem, Beijing is taking action... Some people argued that the suggested rules limit people’s freedom and make public transportation inconvenient for busy people... However, the draft rules are supported by people who are concerned about personal behavior in public spaces.学生将这些表达用于类似话题的写作中,如保护环境、节约资源等,有助于构建出逻辑性强,结构明了的语篇。
三、利用报刊开展英语写作教学过程中应注意的问题
1.报刊文章的选择
高中生多喜爱各种娱乐性话题相关的文章,这些文章虽然能吸引学生的兴趣,但语言和篇章结构较程式化。教师应挑选表达地道、词句呈现集中、隽永、富有生活哲理的文章作为语言输入材料。如:笔者发现teens高一版33期的酷文解码,选登了Michelle Obama于3月25号在成都7中的演讲。演讲中融入个人成长经历,以小见大,鼓励学生接受好的教育,因为:A good education is something that no one can take away from you.于是,笔者找到了相关的视频,让学生聆听演讲的同时,体味米歇尔演讲语言的魅力,如文中用到的:pour all of their love and hope into us; I felt the weight of my parents’ sacrifices on my shoulders.揣摩如何遣词造句。所以,在选择报刊及报刊上的文章时,要尽可能地兼顾文章的语言内涵和语言载体本身,帮助学生提高写作的同时,陶冶情操,树立正确的价值观。 2.读写时间的分配
写作之前,通常需要有相关语言材料的输入,但阅读环节本身需要花费大量的时间。所以,教师在进行写作教学之前,应该布置相关的课外阅读任务,通过具体、有针对性的练习,引导学生掌握文章的写作特点,并且能关注写作中需要的目标词汇和短语,及时积累,积极运用到自己的文章中。如:在让学生写如何与父母建立融洽的关系时,笔者先让学生预习文章talking to our parents,并且思考问题:
1. Do you get on well with your parents?
2. What do you want your parents to be like?
3. What do you think you should do to build a good relationship with your parents?
学生通过课前思考和课堂讨论,总结出写作要点:
1. It’s a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families.
2. Parents arrange almost everything for their children.
3. They make every effort to pave the way for their success.
4. As a consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thoughts or creative ideas.
5. Such a situation is of great concern.
6. Overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for children’s development.
7. Instead of doing everything for them, parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.
8. Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.
3.报刊话题的积累
每期报刊中的内容包罗万象,平时的写作教学中,教师通常只能根据写作需要处理部分文章。所以,教师还应在平时培养学生鉴赏文章能力,鼓励学生搜集与学习生活相关的及热点话题的文章,做个有心人,点滴积累语言材料。笔者通常会在课堂中组织学生讨论《你说我说》栏目的话题,再与报纸上的表达相比较。学生不仅训练了口头作文表达能力,而且通过比较,积累更多表达观点的词汇和句型,提高了书面表达能力。
结束语
报刊是辅助英语写作教学的极好的媒介,在原先基于课本的写作课堂教学模式的基础上,拓展了更大的教学空间,为学生提供了更为逼真、生动、形象的语言环境。学生通过阅读报刊不仅可以在英语写作能力上有所提高,在对文章的理解和对西方文化和价值观的鉴赏上也会有所进步,实现新课程所设定的三维目标。当然在实际运用过程中,也会遇到一些问题,这些问题还需要广大教师在教学专家共同探讨和解决。
【参考文献】
[1] 教育部普通高中英语课程标准(实验)2003.
[2] 21世纪英语报,2014.
[3] 高级英语写作教程.
(作者单位:安徽省合肥市第一中学)