世界上一些发达国家早在本世纪二十年代就开展了大坝安全监测工作。从五十年代末期开始,由于几座大坝相继崩溃或发生事故,大坝安全监测工作越来越引起各国的重视,并根据自己的国情制定了有关大坝安全管理法规、条令或准则。我国在五十年代初期,就在几座混凝土坝上开展了位移、沉陷等变形监测工作。尔后,又在一些混凝土坝埋设了应力、应变及温度等监测仪器,并安装了垂线。从五十年代末期开 Some developed countries in the world carried out dam safety monitoring as early as the 1920s. Since the late 1950s, due to the successive collapse or accident of several dams, the work of dam safety monitoring has drawn increasing attention from all countries and has formulated the rules, ordinances or guidelines on dam safety management according to its own national conditions. In the early 1950s, China carried out deformation monitoring work such as displacement and subsidence on several concrete dams. Later, in some concrete dams, monitoring instruments such as stress, strain and temperature were buried and plumb lines were installed. Opened from the late fifties