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选取大秦线5个轨道、1个路基和9个桥梁试验工点,进行2万t列车的运行和制动试验,研究大秦线轨道、桥梁和路基的动力性能。结果表明:2万t试验列车通过典型线、桥、路基和道岔地段时,实测脱轨系数、轮重减载率和轮对横向力以及道岔尖轨开口量等指标均在安全限度内,说明在大秦线开行2万t货物列车是安全可行的。2万t试验列车作用下的轨道动力响应和各项位移参数与普通列车正常运营时基本相当,但2万t试验列车车辆由车轮扁疤产生的轮轨垂直力最大值达到277 kN,会对轨道结构产生显著的破坏作用;桥梁的挠度和振动参数基本在安全控制范围内;路基的动应力值基本在45 kPa以内,轴重由21 t增加到25 t后,路基动应力只增加2 kPa左右,但2万t列车通过时相邻两转向架4个车轮产生的路基动应力分布为1个梯形形式,而6 000 t列车通过时为2个交叠的梯形形式。
Select 5 tracks, 1 subgrade and 9 bridge test sites on the Daqin line to test the operation and braking of 20000 t trains to study the dynamic performance of the tracks, bridges and subgrade of the Da-Qin line. The results show that the measured derailment coefficient, wheel load and unload rate, wheelset lateral force and switch tip rail opening are all within the safety limit when the 20000 t test train passes the typical lines, bridges, subgrade and turnout lots. Daqin line opened 20000 t cargo train is safe and feasible. The dynamic response of the orbit and the displacement parameters under the 20000 t test train are basically the same as the normal operation of the ordinary train, but the maximum vertical force of the wheel and rail generated by the wheel flat scars of the 20000 t test vehicle reaches 277 kN, The deflection and vibration parameters of the bridge are basically within the safe control range; the dynamic stress value of the subgrade is within 45 kPa; when the axle load increases from 21 t to 25 t, the dynamic stress of the subgrade only increases by 2 kPa However, the dynamic stress distribution of the subgrade caused by the 4 wheels of the adjacent two bogies when a 20000 t train passes is 1 trapezoidal form, while the 2 000 t trains pass through 2 overlapping trapezoidal forms.