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马克思对政治的思考,以“整体性”特质尽显卓越。从“政治”的整体性出发,马克思深刻地揭示了现代性政治的特性与本质——与强制性权力、国家紧密相关(以国家为中心),即现代国家政治;另一方面,马克思在建构其未来的理想社会中呈现了与这一理想社会相融合的政治特性——与理想社会秩序、人的自主能力和交往能力完满相结合意义上的政治(以社会为中心),从而使他的政治概念具有了纵深的历史感和厚重结构。因此,马克思对政治的思考和把握具有双重维度——现代性的维度和理想性的维度。我们只有把二者结合起来,既把握政治作为国家强制性权力的现代性,也把握政治作为人类自我治理需要的理想性,才有可能深刻地把握马克思的政治概念的本真意蕴。
Marx’s thinking on politics is based on the character of “integrity”. Proceeding from the integrity of “politics”, Marx profoundly reveals the nature and essence of modern politics - that is, it is closely related to mandatory state power and state (state-centered), that is, modern state politics. On the other hand, Marx In the ideal society that constructs its future, there is the political nature of being socially integrated with this ideal society - politics (socially centered) in the sense of perfect social order, ideal of man’s autonomy and ability to socialize, so that His political concept has a deep sense of history and heavy structure. Therefore, Marx’s thinking and grasping of politics has a dual dimension: the dimension of modernity and the dimension of ideality. Only by combining the two together, we can grasp the true meaning of Marx’s political concept not only by grasping the modernity of politics as the mandatory state power of our country, but also by taking the political ideal as the need of human self-governance.