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目的:分析6个不同产地佛手挥发油的化学成分,确定其特征化学指标成分群。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取佛手挥发油,运用气相色谱质谱联用技术(GC-MS),结合计算机检索对其化学成分进行分离和鉴定,得到其共有的特征性化学成分群,用色谱峰面积归一化法计算各组分的相对含量。结果:从广东、四川、金华、广西、安徽佛手的挥发油中鉴定16种共有特征成分,按保留时间的先后顺序分别为:α-水芹烯、α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、β-月桂烯、α-萜品油烯、邻伞花烃、柠檬烯、顺式-β-罗勒烯、反式-β-罗勒烯、γ-萜品烯、γ-萜品油烯、乙酸芳樟酯、顺式-水合桧烯、α-萜品醇、β-柠檬醛、α-柠檬醛,其占总峰面积的的比例大于82.9%;其中柠檬烯和γ-萜品烯是主要成分,两者峰面积占总峰面积的比例大于65%。结论:所建立的特征成分群能充分地表征佛手挥发油化学组成,可以为佛手挥发油的质量评价提供参考。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the chemical constituents of the essential oils of bergamot from 6 different origins and determine their characteristic chemical index components. Methods: The volatile oil of bergamot was extracted by steam distillation. The chemical components of the bergamot were extracted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with computer search to obtain their common characteristic chemical composition. The normalized method was used to calculate the relative content of each component. RESULTS: Sixteen common characteristic components were identified from the volatile oils of bergamots from Guangdong, Sichuan, Jinhua, Guangxi and Anhui. Their order of retention time was: α-phellandrene, α-pinene, β-pinene, β- Myrcene, α-terpinolene, cymoxane, limonene, cis-β-ocimene, trans-β-ocimene, γ-terpinene, γ-terpinolene, linalyl acetate , cis-hydrated terpene, α-terpineol, β-citral, α-citral, which account for more than 82.9% of the total peak area; of which limonene and γ-terpinene are the main components, both The ratio of the peak area to the total peak area is greater than 65%. Conclusion: The established characteristic composition group can fully characterize the chemical composition of bergamot volatile oil, which can provide reference for the quality evaluation of bergamot volatile oil.