Background Animal models of hyperlipidemia were established by feeding rabbits with high-cholesterol diet,and the changes in structure and function of cell membrane in rabbits were also reduced by hyperlipidemia.Thus,the alternations in erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation(EMLP)and fluidity in rabbits induced by high-cholesterol diet were researched by us.Methods Fourteen rabbits were subjected to high-cholesterol diet(cholesterol 2 g/d)and the other 14 rabbits to common diet everyday for consecutive two months,plasma total cholesterol(TC),and blood lipids as well as EMLP and fluidity were measured before and after the feeding.Results Compared with the feeding before,levels of TC and low density lipoproteincholesterol(LDL-C)were significantly raised,those of erythrocyte membrane low density lipoproteincholesterol(MLDL-C),membrane conjugated diene(MCD),erythrocyte malonaldehyde(RMDA)were significantly increased,while those of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase(R-SOD),membrane fluidity(M-Flu)and membrane high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(MHDL-C)were significantly decreased in experimental group,and there were no changes in control group.Conclusions High-cholesterol diet induces lipid peroxidation and lower fluidity of erythrocyte membrane. Background Animal models of hyperlipidemia were established by feeding rabbits with high-cholesterol diet, and the changes in structure and function of cell membrane in rabbits were also reduced by hyperlipidemia. Thus, the alternations in erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation (EMLP) and fluidity in rabbits induced by high-cholesterol diet were researched by us. Methods Fourteen rabbits were subjected to high-cholesterol diet (cholesterol 2 g / d) and the other 14 rabbits to common diet everyday for consecutive two months, plasma total cholesterol (TC), and blood lipids as well as EMLP and fluidity were measured before and after the feeding. Results compared with the feeding before, levels of TC and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly raised, those of erythrocyte membrane low density lipoprotein cholesterol (MLDL-C ), membrane conjugated diene (MCD), erythrocyte malonaldehyde (RMDA) were significantly increased, while those of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (R-SOD), membrane fluidity ( M-Flu) and membrane high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (MHDL-C) were significantly decreased in experimental group, and there were no changes in control group. Conclusions High-cholesterol diet induces lipid peroxidation and lower fluidity of erythrocyte membrane.