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目的了解2015—2016年伊宁市维汉中小学生近视状况,并探讨影响近视的相关因素,为改善中小学生近视状况提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,在2015—2016年对伊宁市6所学校进行调查。结果 2 549名维汉中小学生中视力不良者占38.3%,汉族学生近视率(52.0%)明显高于维吾尔族学生近视率(23.0%)(P<0.01),中学生近视率明显高于小学生(P<0.01);逐步logistic回归分析结果显示,民族、读书时看书距离<30 cm、不良读写习惯、不做眼保健操、每次读写时间≥1 h、每天睡眠时间<8 h是伊宁市中小学生近视发病的主要危险因素。结论应针对伊宁市中小学生近视的主要危险因素采取预防与控制措施,改善学习环境。
Objective To understand the myopia status of primary and secondary school students in Yining City from 2015 to 2016, and to explore the related factors that affect myopia, so as to provide evidences for improving myopia status of primary and middle school students. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to investigate six schools in Yining from 2015 to 2016. Results The percentages of myopia were 38.3% in 2 549 primary and secondary school students, and myopia rate was 52.0% in Han students (23.0%) (P <0.01). The myopia rate of middle school students was significantly higher than that of pupils <0.01). The result of stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that reading distance of less than 30 cm was not good for reading, reading and writing habits, not for eye exercises. Each reading and writing time was more than 1 hour and sleep time was less than 8 hours per day. The main risk factors of myopia in primary and middle school students. Conclusion Prevention and control measures should be taken to improve the learning environment for the primary risk factors of myopia in primary and secondary school students in Yining.