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目的 分析辽宁省沈阳地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重住院患者抗菌药物利用情况,为促进COPD急性加重住院患者抗菌药物的合理使用提供参考依据.方法 随机自沈阳市3所三级甲等医院抽取2012年1月1日-2015年12月31日COPD住院患者2 400例,获得COPD急性加重患者信息1 630例,提取COPD急性加重患者抗菌药物利用信息.结果 COPD急性加重住院患者中,男性患者971例,女性患者659例,年龄(73.6±11.5)岁;抗菌药物使用以头孢菌素类为主,占59.88％(2 724/4 549),使用例次最多的为368例次(头孢哌酮/舒巴坦),药物利用指数最大值为1.70(罗红霉素),最小值为0.70(头孢噻肟);药物利用指数接近于1的抗菌药物有依替米星(0.95)、头孢克肟(0.98)、头孢米诺(1.03)、头孢曲松(1.04)、头孢地嗪(1.06).结论 沈阳地区COPD急性加重住院患者抗菌药物合理利用情况较好,但尚需进一步加强监管.“,”Objective To investigate antibiotic utilization among inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary dis ease (COPD) exacerbation and to provide evidences for rational application of antibiotic in the inpatients.Methods Using random sampling medical records of 2 400 COPD patients hospitalized between January 1 st,2012 through December 2015 in 3 hospitals of grade Ⅲ class A were extracted and then the data on antibiotic use among the 1 630 inpatients with COPD exacerbation were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 1 630 COPD inpatients with exacerbation,971 were male and 659 were female;the mean age of the inpatients was 73.6 ±-11.5 years.The highest proportion of antibiotics used was 59.88 ％ (2 724/4 549 case-times) for cephalosporins;the most frequently used antibiotic was cefoperazone sulbactam (368 case-times).The maximum drug utilization index (DUI) of antibiotic use was 1.70 for roxithromycin and the minimum DUI was 0.70 for cefotaxime.The utilized antibiotics with the drug utilization index approximately to one were etomicin (0.95),cefixime (0.98),cefminol (1.03),ceftriaxone (1.04),and cefodizime (1.06),respectively.Conclusion The antibiotic application was rational among COPD inpatients with exacerbation in large hospitals in urban Shenyang,but still needs to be supervised.