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按质论价是商品经济的客观要求。我国实行的是有计划的商品经济,客观上也要求按质论价。目前,我国经济理论界在按质论价问题上存在较大的分歧。争论的焦点集中在按质论价的依据上。归纳起来,共有四种观点:第一种观点认为,按质论价的依据是商品价值,按质论价就是按价值定价。商品质量的高低,虽然不一定同生产商品的实际劳动消耗(个别劳动消耗量)成比例,却与社会必要劳动量成比例。
The theory of quality is the objective requirement of commodity economy. Our country implements a planned commodity economy, and objectively it also requires quality. At present, China’s economic theory circles have great differences on the issue of quality. The focus of the debate is on the basis of quality arguments. To sum up, there are four kinds of viewpoints: The first view is that the basis of the price of quality is the value of the commodity, and the price of the price of the quality is the value of the price. Although the quality of a commodity is not necessarily proportional to the actual labor consumption (individual labor consumption) of the manufactured goods, it is proportional to the amount of socially necessary labor.