“合作原则”属语用学范畴 ,是美国语言哲学家格赖斯 (H· P· Grice) 1 967年在哈佛大学演讲时提出来的。格赖斯指出 ,人们的言语交际总是互相合作的 ,谈话双方都怀着一个共同的愿望 :双方话语能够互相理解 ,共同配合。因此他们都遵守着某些合作的原则 ,以求实现这个愿望。在绝大多数言语交际中 ,这一情况是确实的。这也是言语交际的前提。但是 ,仅有这种愿望只能促进交际双方相互配合 ,并不能保证交际顺利进行。合作原则的实现 ,还应有一些必要的条件 ,即共同的文化背景 ,共同的民族心理 ,共同的价值取向。如果不具备这些条件而又要交际 ,就必须对词语进行调整 ,以维护合作原则 ,保证言语交际顺利进行 The “principle of cooperation” belongs to the category of pragmatics, which was proposed by H.P. Grice, a philosopher of American language, at Harvard University in 1967. Grice pointed out that people’s verbal communication always cooperates with each other, and both parties in the conversation have a common wish: the discourse of both sides can understand each other and work together. Therefore, they all abide by the principle of certain cooperation in order to achieve this aspiration. This is true in most verbal communications. This is also the premise of verbal communication. However, only this desire can only promote mutual cooperation between the two parties and can not guarantee the smooth progress of communication. The realization of the principle of cooperation should also have some necessary conditions, that is, a common cultural background, a common national psychology and a common value orientation. If you do not have these conditions but also to communicate, we must adjust the words in order to maintain the principle of cooperation to ensure the smooth conduct of verbal communication