肾脏功能随增龄而减退。一般情况下,衰老的肾功能尚可代偿,但在应激的情况下,就会发生肾功能衰竭(RF)。因此,RF在老年人中很常见,且常是致死病因之一。老年人的肾脏组织学和功能特点正常肾重量随增龄而减轻,老年人肾重约丢失20～25%。肾单位从50岁起渐减,70～80岁肾单位总量约为青年人的1/2～2/3。随增龄肾小球逐渐纤维化,基膜增厚,间质 Kidney function decreased with age. Under normal circumstances, aging renal function can still be compensated, but in the case of stress, renal failure can occur (RF). Therefore, RF is common in the elderly and is often one of the causes of death. Renal histology and functional characteristics of the elderly with normal kidney weight decreased with age, weight loss in the elderly about 20 ~ 25%. Nephron decreased from the age of 50, 70 to 80-year-old total nephron about 1/2 ~ 2/3 of young people. With age glomerular gradual fibrosis, thickening of the basement membrane, interstitial