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民法是一个国家民众社会生活和争议救济规范的总和,有什么样的社会生活就应当有什么样的民法,而民法就是反映这些社会生活的法律体现,民法是整个社会的法律大树、规范大树,民法总则就是树干,民法分则就是树枝,各种具体的制度就是小树枝和树叶,所以制定民法就是一个国家的经济和社会发展到一定程度后的必然要求。民法的基本特点就是敞开怀抱关心每个社会成员,例如民法总则(草案)第十六条规定了胎儿具有自然人的法律地位。民法总则(草案)对自然人的行为能力作了新的修改,将自然人民事行为能力的年龄下限从十周岁降低到年满六周岁对监护人制度做了较大的修改,对丧失判断力和行为力的智残的成年人和年老力衰的成年人,以及有严重肢体和器官残缺的成年人设定了监护制度。为更好地保护人们的民事权利,民法总则(草案)将诉讼时效从2年改为3年。此次民法总则的制定从多方面对民事权利作出了保护性的规定,对自然人的民事权利能力作出了扩展性的规定,体现了浓郁的人文主义精神,使我国的民法更加适应改革发展形势的需要,更适应保护人们民事权利的需要。
Civil law is the sum of the social life of a country and the norms of dispute relief. What kind of civil law should have what kind of civil law, and civil law is the legal embodiment of these social life, civil law is the legal big tree of the whole society, Tree, the general rule of civil law is the trunk, civil law points is the branch, the specific system is the small branches and leaves, so the development of civil law is a country’s economic and social development to a certain extent, the inevitable requirement. The basic feature of civil law is that it is open to the care of every member of society. For example, Article 16 of the General Provisions of Civil Law stipulates that the fetus has the legal status of a natural person. The General Provisions of Civil Law (Draft) made new changes to the ability of natural persons to make changes in their system of guardians by lowering the minimum age limit of natural person’s ability to act from the age of 10 to the age of 6, Power mentally retarded adults and aging adults, as well as adults with severe physical and organ disabilities, have a guardianship system. In order to better protect people’s civil rights, the General Provisions of Civil Law (Draft) changed the limitation of action from two years to three years. The enactment of the General Provisions of Civil Law has provided for the protection of civil rights in various aspects and has made provisions for the extension of the civil rights of natural persons. It reflects the rich humanism and makes our civil law more adaptable to the needs of the reform and development. More adapted to the protection of people’s civil rights needs.