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α_2巨球蛋白(α_2M)是α球蛋白中的一组不均血清蛋白质的一种主要成分。已知这组包括α_2M在内的许多蛋白质,不是与淋巴网状系统细胞(如淋巴细胞、多形核白细胞、巨噬细胞)有联系,就是被认为能影响这些细胞的功能。尽管α_2M与免疫系统的确切关系尚待确立,但它表现出的许多性质(有的是它特有的)提示,它在淋巴网状系统细胞的发育和功能上都具有重要性。本文总结了α_2M的基本性质,着重讨论它在免疫学上的作用,并提出了α_2M如何影响免疫系统的一些设想。
Alpha-2 macroglobulin (α_2M) is a major component of a group of inhomogeneous serum proteins in α-globin. It is known that many of these proteins, including α 2 M, are not associated with lymphoid reticulocytes such as lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages and are thought to affect the function of these cells. Although the exact relationship of α_2M to the immune system remains to be established, many of its properties, some of which are peculiar, suggest that it is of importance both in the development and function of lymphoid mesothelial cells. This paper summarizes the basic properties of α_2M, focuses on its immunological role, and proposes some ideas on how α_2M affects the immune system.