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我国语文教育理论的研究已有悠久的历史,从本世纪初起,特别是五四新文化运动以后,许多锐意改革的有识之士,在批判封建旧教育的同时,纷纷探索着语文教育的革新之路。其中,崛起于三十年代的一批被后人称为“开明派”的语文界新进学者,更在语文教育的理论研究和实践尝试中,作出了令人瞩目的贡献,成为代表我国语文教育理论发展方向的主流。这批学者的理论和实践,既反映了时代的进步要求,又始终把握着我国汉民族语文的特点和学习规律,具有鲜明的时代性和民族特色。而在这批学者中,探索最执着、涉猎最广泛因而成就也最突出的,就是叶圣陶先生。叶圣陶的语文教育思想集中反映他和他的合作者们在长期教学实践和理论钻研中,逐步形成起来的新的语文教育观。这种语文教育观的核心在于确认:语文是人们生活必需的、表情达意的工具;语文教学的任务就是要养成学生正确运用语文工具以适应生活需要的能力和习惯;而这一任务的完成,完全有赖于启发引导学生自奋其力,自为研索。确定教学的目的要求、教材的编制原则、教学的方式方法以及提高教师的素养等等,都必须以此为出发点和归宿。这种语文教育观,正确地揭示了语文学科的性质和语文学的客观规律,对实现语文教学的科学化具有重要意义。
Since the beginning of this century, especially after the May 4th New Culture Movement, many people with a keen interest in reform have criticized the old education of feudalism and have also explored the problems of Chinese education Innovation Road. Among them, a group of new scholars in the Chinese language that were later known as the “enlightened school” who emerged in the 1930s made even more remarkable contributions to the theory and practice of Chinese education and became the representative of the Chinese language The mainstream of educational theory development. The theory and practice of these scholars not only reflect the requirements of the progress of the times, but also always grasp the characteristics and learning laws of Chinese Han nationality with distinctive characteristics of the times and ethnic groups. Among these scholars, Mr. Ye Shengtao, who is the most dedicated and the most extensively researched, is also the most outstanding achievement. Ye Shengtao's thinking on Chinese education reflects a new concept of Chinese education gradually formed by him and his collaborators in long-term teaching practice and theoretical study. The core of this concept of Chinese education is to confirm that language is a tool necessary for people's daily life and express their emotions. The task of Chinese teaching is to cultivate students' abilities and habits of correctly using language tools to meet the needs of life. And this task is completed , Depends entirely on inspiration to guide students self-energizing, self-study. Determine the purpose of teaching requirements, teaching materials compilation principles, teaching methods and methods to improve the quality of teachers, etc., must be the starting point and destination. This concept of Chinese language education correctly reveals the nature of the Chinese subject and the objective law of the Chinese language and is of great significance to the realization of the Chinese teaching.