胃癌(gastric cancer)是人类最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,是全球性的医疗难题,其病因尚未完全明确。自20世纪80年代初两位澳大利亚科学家Marshall和Warren首先从胃黏膜中分离出幽门螺杆菌(helicobacter pylori,Hp)至今,Hp与胃癌的关系为人们所关注。经过多年的研究,人们逐渐接受了Hp感染为胃癌发生发展的重要因素,大多数学者认为根除Hp治疗可以降低胃癌发生的风险。然而,近年来随着研究的不断深入,一些研究报道根除Hp治疗并不能预防胃癌的发生发展,也不能降低胃癌的发生率。胃癌的发病机制错综复杂,Hp感染作为单一致病因素如何引起胃癌的发生目前尚未阐述清楚。本文旨在对Hp感染与胃癌相关性的研究进展做一综述。 Gastric cancer is one of the most common human malignant tumors and is a global medical problem whose etiology has not yet been completely elucidated. Since the early 1980s, two Australian scientists Marshall and Warren first isolated Helicobacter pylori (Hp) from gastric mucosa. Up to now, the relationship between Hp and gastric cancer is of concern. After years of research, people gradually accepted Hp infection as an important factor in the development of gastric cancer. Most scholars think that the eradication of Hp can reduce the risk of gastric cancer. However, with the deepening of the research in recent years, some studies reported that the eradication of Hp therapy can not prevent the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, and can not reduce the incidence of gastric cancer. The pathogenesis of gastric cancer is complicated. How Hp infection causes gastric cancer as a single risk factor has not been elucidated yet. This article aims to review the progress of research on the relationship between Hp infection and gastric cancer.